IGNITION POINT: The ignition point is the lowest temperature at which the vapor above the surface of a liquid will ignite when a flame is brought near it. The surface of the liquid can then be considered to be alight. BOIL OVER: Is the phenomenon when water is poured or added to a combustible liquid which is burning and has attained a very high temperature, immediately the water being denser than combustible liquid it submerges and converts in to steam at around 1500 to 1600 times of water which expels out the liquid in fine droplets, will immediately get ignited and spreads in form of a explosion which may cause burns to people around, fire may spread around if have combustibles in surrounding. BLEVE: Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion is the phenomenon of bursting of a container (can / cylinder), having liquid under pressure, when the container gets heated. Due to heating, some of the liquid inside the container gets vaporized giving rise to excessive pressure, which leads to explosion, and if the contents are flammable the consequences get worse. BLEVE can also occur when a flammable liquid under pressure gets released and vaporizes and forms a cloud of explosive mixture, which has a similar effect on an explosion when it gets ignited. COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID: Defined as liquids having closed cup flash points at or above 100°F (37°C). Combustible liquids are referred to as Class II or Class III liquids. FLAMMABLE LIQUID: Defined as liquids having closed cup flash points below 100°F (37°C) and vapor pressures not exceeding 40 psi (276 kPa) (2.76 bar) at 100°F (37°C). Flammable liquids are referred to as Class 1 liquids. PYROLYSIS: Before a solid fuel burns it has to be changed in vapor state and this is achieved by initial heating. This process is known as pyrolysis. EXOTHERMIC: Referring to the process which is accompanied by evolution of heat. EXPLOSION: The sudden release of a high pressure gas into the environment.
FIRE: A chemical reaction producing light, and heat. FLASH POINT: The lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient inflammable vapor to produce a flash, when a small flame is brought to the surface of the liquid. It is measured in the laboratory in a standard apparatus using a prescribed procedure. FLAME: The glowing gaseous part of a fire emanating radiant heat. FLAMMABLE: Capable of being ignited and of burning. INTUMESCENT MATERIAL: Is a substance that swells as a result of heat exposure, thus increasing in volume, and decreasing in density. Intumescents are typically used in passive fire protection. SMOULDERING FIRE: Is a flameless form of combustion, deriving its heat from oxidations occurring on the surface of a solid fuel. Common examples are the initiation of fires on upholstered furniture by weak heat sources (e.g. a cigarette, a short-circuited wire). Smoldering combustion is a condition where all four elements of a fire are present, but are imbalanced. Smoldering combustion exists in conditions where there is a self-sustaining reaction, but the reaction is limited by some of the constituents of the fire “square”. A smoldering fire will not easily change to flaming combustion. FLAMING FIRE: Result from the ignition of items such as flammable liquids, wood or paper, cooking accidents, or from open flames such as candles that ignite other items. They produce large quantities of flames and lesser visible amounts of smoke. Flaming combustion involves gaseous fuel mixing with air, reacting with oxygen and releasing heat. The combustion process produces a variety of gases (CO2, CO, H2O etc.) as well as particulate matter known generally as smoke. Regardless of whether the fuel was originally a liquid or solid, the overall burning process must gasify the fuel. With liquids, the supply of gaseous fuel is a result of evaporation at the surface from the heat generated by the flames. Solids entail a significantly more complex process involving chemical decomposition (pyrolysis) of large polymeric molecules. Certain combustible solids such as sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium can be oxidized directly by oxygen in the air without the need of pyrolysis. SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION: The ignition of a material brought about by a heat producing (exothermic) chemical reaction within the material itself without exposure to an external source of ignition
